submitted by Ken Favrholdt, Curator
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Two Hundred Years along the Brigade TrailTwo hundred years ago, early fur traders ventured through the Okanagan Valley from Osoyoos to O’Keefe Ranch west of Vernon, and onward to Kamloops. A small group of fur traders working for the American Pacific Fur Company travelled on horseback from Fort Okanogan established on the Columbia River in 1811 to Fort Kamloops, built the following year. They followed an ancient Aboriginal trail that eventually became the route of choice between these forts. The trail followed the east side of the Okanogan River to present Oroville where it crossed to the west side and passed through back valleys in the Fairview area, Meyers Flat, Shingle Creek and Garnet Valley before descending to Okanagan Lake north of Summerland. From there the trail followed the west side of Okanagan Lake to its head, then turned northwest across the watershed between the Okanagan and South Thompson valleys, until it reached Kamloops. |
The brigades travelled slowly, about 15 to 20 miles a day depending on the terrain. Campsites were located at favourable places along the route where there was water and feed for the horses. The fur traders consisted of voyageurs, who were mainly French-Canadians, with Scottish bosses, as well as native guides and packers. It was important to maintain good relations with First Nations along the way for the safety of the brigades. As well, food was procured from the native peoples. The brigades passed through Okanagan and Secwepemc territories.
The Okanagan brigade trail fell into disuse in the 1850s with Indian Wars in Washington Territory. In the meantime, another route from Kamloops to the coast via Fort Langley was established in 1849. After 1858, the old brigade trail had become the interior route from Washington to the Cariboo goldfields for thousands of miners. Thousands of cattle were also driven north along the trail, and the ranching industry took hold in the Okanagan.

The brigade trail is still visible in parts through the Okanagan. Many place names attest to the passage of the fur traders and others along the trail. Priest Camp, named for a missionary who travelled with the brigades, is an interesting site near Summerland where sections of the trail can also be followed.
For more information, exhibits and programs related to the Fur Brigade Trail, be sure to visit a South Okanagan museum in your area or visit the South Okanagan Heritage Alliance webpage at www.exploreheritage.ca.
Museums include:
- Okanagan Falls Museum – www3.telus.net/okmuseum/
- Oliver & District Museum and Archives – www.olivermuseum.ca
- Osoyoos & District Museum and Archives – www.osoyoosmuseum.ca
- Penticton Museum & Archives – www.pentictonmuseum.com
- Summerland Museum & Archives – www.summerlandmuseum.org






